TOWARDS THE “CRIME OF VIOLENCE” DEFINITION IN THE СRIMINAL СODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Abstract
T
The article is devoted to the study of the term «violence», which has no legislative definition, and in the academic literature is defined in different ways. The absence of definition in the dispositions of articles does not allow to unambiguously determine in each case the amount of violence involved, and which requires additional qualification. The article proposes two ways to determine the amount of violence in different cases. One of them is connected with the systemic interpretation of the norm in question, and the comparison of the characteristics of the elements essential and the qualifying characteristics. Another way is to compare the sanction of the interpreted norm with the sanctions of the norms establishing responsibility for the use of violence of the disputed volume in its pure form. The issue of dividing violence into physical and mental and ways of fixing these types in the dispositions of the norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is touched upon. The author notes that there is no uniformity of terminology when fixing these elements in the norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article ponders on the problem of the relationship between the terms "violence", "coercion" and "forcing." It is noted that legislators themselves in different norms lay a different meaning in these terms. It is proposed to understand “coercion” and “forcing” as synonyms. The lack of an official interpretation of the terms “violence dangerous to life and health” and “violence not dangerous to life and health” is criticized as well as the use of explanations provided for them. The author concludes that it is necessary to develop the concept of violence, which means the existence of a general concept, universal terms, general classifications and the scope of various types and forms of manifestations.
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